Is there a template or guide to know what areas of a msh go to what bone? I am not sure where to weigh things like ribcage, spine, nech, clavicle, etc.

You could import existing models.

But most bones are selfe explaining. Just set the first envelope base to distance. Move for example the toes. Than you see what things are moving. Look at your own toes and move them and than compare than you can reweight the points